A study conducted by researchers Betmezoğlu, Arsoy and Ergören from Near East University sheds light on the importance of genetic breeding programs in combating transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) in goats and sheep, particularly in Northern Cyprus. Given the significance of goat production and indigenous goat breeds like the Cyprus Native Hair Goat and Damascus breed in the region’s agricultural diversity, understanding the allele frequencies of the Caprine Prnp gene variants is paramount for effective breeding programs.
The study aimed to determine the allele frequencies and genotype distributions of Caprine Prnp gene variations in Northern Cyprus goats through targeted gene sequencing. Blood samples were collected from 50 goats representing Damascus, Cyprus Native Hair, and hybrid breeds, with genomic DNA extracted for analysis.
Results revealed the presence of ten different Caprine Prnp polymorphisms, with the most common genetic markers being P42= (16%), R154H (12%), and N146S (8%). While specific polymorphisms varied among the different goat breeds, there were no statistically significant differences observed. Notably, the predisposition genotype 146NN homozygosity was prevalent in Northern Cyprus Native Hair Goats.
The study underscores the critical importance of using regionally appropriate genes for scrapie resistance breeding, particularly in combating TSEs like scrapie. Polymorphisms at codon 146 were identified as potential tools for preventing scrapie disease in goats in Northern Cyprus. The research highlights the need for additional studies to understand the impacts of specific alleles on different TSE agents and the efficacy of breeding for scrapie resistance.
In conclusion, the findings suggest that stringent precautions and increased attention to clinical veterinary genetics are necessary to prevent a scrapie pandemic in Northern Cyprus. Utilizing local breeds like the Cyprus Native Hair Goat can play a significant role in enhancing genetic diversity and combating scrapie, particularly given the breed’s resistance genotype H154 ratio. Importantly, the study emphasizes the need to avoid introducing foreign breeds to the region, as it may not be beneficial for scrapie resistance efforts.
This research contributes valuable insights into the development of effective genetic breeding programs for TSE resistance in goats, with potential implications for improving animal health, welfare, and food safety in Northern Cyprus and beyond.
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